Identifying lithium-ion batteries
Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries are found in a wide range of devices, including:
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Phones, tablets, and laptops
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Power banks and cordless appliances
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Toys, tools, and household gadgets
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Mobility equipment such as e-bikes and e-scooters
These batteries can come in different shapes and sizes, such as cylindrical, rectangular, or pouch-like forms.
If you see any of the following markings, it’s likely a lithium-ion battery:
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Lithium-ion (Li-ion)
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Lithium-polymer (Li-po)
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Any variation including ‘Li’
Why do lithium-ion batteries catch fire?
LiBs are energy-dense and contain flammable material, meaning that under certain conditions, they can overheat and catch fire.
This can be caused by:
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Overcharging or using an incompatible charger
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Exposure to extreme heat or direct sunlight
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Physical damage (e.g., dropping, crushing, or puncturing the battery)
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Short-circuiting or manufacturing defects
If a lithium-ion battery fails, it can enter thermal runaway, a dangerous reaction that releases toxic gases and creates an intense, self-sustaining fire.
Preventing lithium-ion battery fires
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Charging safely: Use the manufacturer’s charger or a certified third-party charger that meets Australian safety standards.
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Look for the Regulatory Compliance Mark (RCM) to ensure compliance with Australian electrical safety standards.
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Avoid charging batteries overnight or leaving them unattended while charging.
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Charge devices on a hard, non-flammable surface, away from fabrics like beds, couches, and carpets.
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Keep charging areas well-ventilated and install a smoke or heat alarm nearby.
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Charge larger batteries (e.g., for power tools or e-bikes) in a garage, shed, or outdoor space.
Safe usage and storage
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Keep batteries and devices away from direct sunlight, heat, and moisture.
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Do not use batteries that are swollen, leaking, or physically damaged.
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Purchase batteries and devices from reputable manufacturers and avoid cheap, uncertified products.
Handling damaged lithium-ion batteries
Batteries showing signs of damage, such as bulging, leaking, overheating, or emitting smoke, should be handled with extreme care.
What to do with damaged batteries
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Do not throw them in household waste or recycling bins - they can cause fires in garbage trucks and waste facilities.
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Wear protective gloves and eyewear when handling a damaged battery.
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Store the battery in a fire-resistant container, away from anything flammable.
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Take damaged batteries to a Household Hazardous Waste (HHW) collection facility.
What to do if a lithium-ion battery catches fire
If you notice a battery overheating, smoking, or emitting unusual sounds:
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Do not touch the battery with bare hands - it can be extremely hot.
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Avoid inhaling smoke or fumes.
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Unplug the device if it’s safe to do so.
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Move the device outdoors, away from combustible materials.
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Extinguish the fire using water (for small fires) or a dry chemical or CO₂ fire extinguisher.
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Call emergency services if the fire is unmanageable.
Choosing safe lithium-ion battery products
When purchasing devices with lithium-ion batteries, look for:
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Certified chargers and devices that comply with Australian safety regulations.
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An automatic shutoff system that stops charging when full.
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A Regulatory Compliance Mark (RCM) on chargers and batteries.
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Avoid buying cheap or uncertified battery-powered devices, as these are more likely to pose safety risks.
Lithium-ion batteries are a powerful and efficient energy source, but they need to be handled with care. By following safe charging practices, storing batteries properly, and disposing of damaged batteries responsibly, you can reduce the risk of fires and keep yourself and your home safe. If you ever have doubts about the safety of a battery or device, it’s always best to err on the side of caution and dispose of it responsibly.
